Today, the Ramadan tables of Hassani families do not differ in any way from those that adorn the houses of other Moroccan families from north to south. In addition to typically local dishes, delicacies such as "harira", "chebakia", dates, fish, and eggs constitute the essential part of the Iftar meal as everywhere else in the Kingdom. On this subject, Salka Bent Souilem, a fine connoisseur of Sahara customs, indicated to the MAP that the lifestyle of Sahrawi families had changed due to urbanisation, adding that today, the dishes prepared in this region are almost the same as those that make up the daily Ramadan life of other regions of Morocco. According to Salka, the population of this region also ensures the preservation of its Hassani culture and its ancestral lifestyle, notably during the holy month, making it known that the meal for breaking the fast in these regions consists of a local soup, milk, and dates, with a carafe of fresh milk locally called "zririgue" in the centre of the table, which is passed between the guests from right to left. She also made it known that camel liver cooked over a wood fire or in water and without spices, followed by a glass of tea, constitutes an essential component of the dishes of Sahrawi families, as well as "belghman", a sweet dish prepared based on cooked and ground wheat. The month of Ramadan presents, nevertheless, particularities in the city of Laâyoune, notably religious rituals and social customs anchored in history and which resist the development of daily life. Thus, during this month, family visits constitute an occasion to strengthen ties and consolidate the spirit of social solidarity. After the al-ichaa and taraouih prayer, the evening continues according to the principle of the "nouba", each household inviting, in turn, the other members of the family to a feast. As entertainment, the men play checkers in a good-natured atmosphere, while sipping tea made in the local way and discussing various subjects. The women, for their part, play "sik", which is practised using a pile of sand in the form of a camel hump, called "libra", 40 cm sticks, and pebbles.
Rituals and traditions: The Hassani culture is illustrated by the names given to the different phases of the month of Ramadan, according to its difficulty. Thus, the first ten days, reputed to be bearable, are called "Achrayet terka" or "Achrayet rkab lkhil" (the ten days of horse riding), the second ten days of the holy month, which suppose a little more resistance, is named "Achrayet Afrakich" or "Achrayet rkab libil" (the ten days of camel riding), while the last ten days are called "Achrayet Laazayez", which refers to the hard character of this period of the holy month. Towards the call to the Al-Maghrib prayer, the Souks of the city of Laâyoune experience a particular movement, while the time after al-ichaa constitutes the favourite moment for the inhabitants who, attracted by the cool nights of the city, invade the different squares of the city.
News 17 Jul 2014 3 min read
Hassani society between modernity and ancestral customs

