International Mountain Day, proclaimed in 2003 by the United Nations, was celebrated this year in Ifrane under the theme: "Mountains, key to a sustainable future". On this occasion, an awareness day was organised for pupils of Ifrane's schools, at the initiative of the provincial delegation of national education, in collaboration with the National School of Agriculture of Meknes, the Moroccan Association for Ecotourism and Nature Protection, and the Association of Friends of the Val d'Ifrane. This day was marked by a visit to the interactive exhibition organised as part of the scientific cooperation project: "Meknes, capital of the olive tree", featuring panels, posters, and demonstrations on the origins of this tree and the production methods associated with the concept of the olive landscape and rural development. This interactive exhibition allowed pupils to discover the historical heritage linked to this mythical tree and all the possible uses of olive products, its role in nutrition, and its health benefits. Similarly, a drawing workshop for children was organised and led by the painter Mimoun Kaissi under the theme: "The olive tree and the cedar: two keys to a sustainable future for the Moroccan mountains". In this same context of activities commemorating International Mountain Day, a study trip was organised for pupils from the rural commune of Sidi El Makhfi to the eco-museum of the Ifrane National Park in Azrou, the fish farming station specialising in trout breeding at Ras El Mae, and the Cedar House of the Ifrane National Park. During this day, the focus was placed on the need for prospective management of the future of agriculture in Morocco with a sector-based approach to promote the integration of the agricultural economy into the national and international economy. In this context, research and development organisations must be true locomotives of this strategy through the organisation of scientific events and the development of tools for popularisation, technology transfer, and know-how. The commemoration of this day has indeed highlighted the role of mountains in human life by providing, in particular, fresh water, energy, and food, but also to underline the extreme vulnerability of mountains to climate change, deforestation, soil degradation, and natural disasters. The challenge is therefore to identify new and sustainable opportunities that can benefit both lowland and mountain communities and contribute to the eradication of poverty without degrading fragile mountain ecosystems. The proclamation by the UN General Assembly of December 11 as International Mountain Day has strengthened the awareness of decision-makers and communities about the importance of mountains and the need for their protection to ensure sustainable development.